Growth mindset is the term given by psychologist Carol Dweck to the idea that intelligence can develop and that effort leads to success. If someone thinks that talent or ability is innate and something we cannot change, they have a 'fixed mindset'. If someone believes that their performance at school and in life can be changed by their attitude, and particularly by how they cope with setbacks, they have a 'growth mindset'.
A lot of schools are developing growth mindset within the classroom. This is an area that I focus on a lot with my students as I know how beneficial it is and that someone's mindset can either accelerate or halt their progress.